Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Putri Nur Namira

Institutions
Bandung Islamic University

Abstract
According to WHO 2014, the cancer with the highest morbidity for women is from breast cancer. The treatment chemotheraphy still has its negative points, such as low effectivity, high adverse effects and resistancy to therapy. This has encourage a search for a natural alternative as a therapy or co-chemotherapy for cancer. This study evaluates the anticancer effect and combination of the compound [1,2-epoksi-3(3-(3,4-dimetoksifenil)-4h-1-benzopiran-4on)] propane (EPI) with Doxorubicin in breast cancer culture MCF7. The study is experimental in vitro, the cytotoxicity is analize using (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromid) (MTT). The IC50 is analized using probit regression calculation using SPSS software. The synergystic effect of EPI and Doxorubicin is analized based on the the value of Combination Index and the data is analized using Compusyn software 1.0. The result of the studies shows that the IC50 for EPI is 50,77 µg/mL and for Doxorubicin is 26,80 µg/mL. CI for EPI and Doxorubicin (EPI-DOX) shows the average at value 0,1-0,7 which means it has synergistic effect. The most synergystic effect at concentration 1/8 IC50 EPI with ½ IC50 Doxorubicin which is 0.00302. In conclusion, the compound EPI shows anticancer effect toward cancer cell MCF7 and strong synergystic effect when combined with Doxorubicin.

Keywords
Doxorubicin, Epoxy, Breast Cancer, MCF7

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xZmWED8MwzX7

Corresponding Author
Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani

Institutions
Department of Pharmacy
Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences
Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Copper nanoparticles are one type of metal nanoparticles that have not been widely studied. Copper nanoparticles have some uniqueness that affects their optical, catalysis and conductive properties. In addition, nanoparticles can also be applied in the field of microbiology because of their antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles, using melinjo leaves extract as bioreductor. This research used copper (II) sulfate as a precursor. Melinjo leaves are extracted with water at 60oC. Beta cyclodextrin was used as a stabilizer. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles were using a comparison of extracts: CuSO4 solution: beta cyclodextrin 10 mg/mL = 1: 2: 2 (v / v / v). Nanoparticles were synthesized by reflux at 90oC for 4 hours. The optimization results show that the sonication process for 4 hours after synthesis affects the stability of the formed nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles have an average particle diameter of 682.8 nm and polydispersity index of 0.497.

Keywords
copper nanoparticles, beta cyclodextrin, melinjo leaves extract

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/x7vc2f9DwG4d

Corresponding Author
Fitrianti Darusman

Institutions
Program Studi Farmasi,
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,
Universitas Islam Bandung,
Jl. Tamansari No.1 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 40116

Abstract
Currently there are many floor cleaning products that have antibacterial or disinfecting activity but are derived from chemicals, for example benzalkonium chloride. Not a few people who use this product in addition to the advertisements offered, this product is also proven to have an effective antimicrobial effect and at the same time very corrosive to remove dirt crust on the floor. On the other hand, this can have a negative impact on human health, because this can cause inhalation through the respiratory tract, contaminating food or sticking to the skin. Whats more, these household products are used every day to clean the house. By using herbal floor cleaning products from bidara leaf extract is a halal and safe solution, besides being able to use a floor from microbes it also keeps the house protected from interference from jinn and magic. Al-Quran Garden which is located on the Sersan Bajuri Canal, Cihideung Village, Parongpong District, is a center for nurseries, care, cultivation and sale of plants mentioned in the Al-Quran and As-Sunnah (Hadith) such as rose, tiin , pomegranate, grapes and arabian bidara. To support the Quranic Healing Clinic program, the Al-Quran Garden requires collaboration with educational institutions in this case the UNISBA Pharmacy Study Program in utilizing the results of research that is / has been carried out on the Quran plant herbs which are its commodities, among which are the objects of this PKM is the leaf of arabian bidara (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) which is then developed into an herbal floor cleaning product as an antibacterial or natural disinfectant as well as a home media ruqyah. According to the proposition of the Koran, the leaves of bidara are not liked by jinn so it is effective in driving away the interference of jinn and magic. Bidara or sidr is mentioned 3 times in the surah Al-Quran, namely QS. Saba verse 16, QS. An-Najm verses 14 and QS. Al-Waqiah verse 28, which describes the bidara tree as a unique tree, because it can be found both in the natural world and the afterlife. Besides leaves bidara is one of the herbs that the Prophet Muhammad SAW recommended for use by humans in purifying or bathing. Thus, the Community Potential Empowerment Program (P3M) in PKM is closely related to the LPPM Strategic Plan namely the utilization of research, education and counseling results that are consultative to communities outside Unisba and training in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products using simple technology that can be developed with PKM partners to be used by the wider community.

Keywords
bidara arab leaf, sidr, antibacterial, natural desinfectant, household ruqyah

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2YQRxWyAZmbh

Corresponding Author
Fitrianti Darusman

Institutions
Program Studi Farmasi,
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,
Universitas Islam Bandung,
Jl. Tamansari No.1 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 40116

Abstract
Background : Currently there are many floor cleaning products that have antibacterial or disinfecting activity but are derived from chemicals, for example benzalkonium chloride. Not a few people who use this product in addition to the advertisements offered, this product is also proven to have an effective antimicrobial effect and at the same time very corrosive to remove dirt crust on the floor. On the other hand, this can have a negative impact on human health, because this can cause inhalation through the respiratory tract, contaminating food or sticking to the skin. Whats more, these household products are used every day to clean the house. By using herbal floor cleaning products from bidara leaf extract is a halal and safe solution, besides being able to use a floor from microbes it also keeps the house protected from interference from jinn and magic. Purpose : Al-Quran Garden which is located on the Sersan Bajuri Canal, Cihideung Village, Parongpong District, is a center for nurseries, care, cultivation and sale of plants mentioned in the Al-Quran and As-Sunnah (Hadith) such as rose, tiin , pomegranate, grapes and arabian bidara. To support the Quranic Healing Clinic program, the Al-Quran Garden requires collaboration with educational institutions in this case the UNISBA Pharmacy Study Program in utilizing the results of research that is / has been carried out on the Quran plant herbs which are its commodities, among which are the objects of this PKM is the leaf of arabian bidara (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) which is then developed into an herbal floor cleaning product as an antibacterial or natural disinfectant as well as a home media ruqyah. Methods : According to the proposition of the Koran, the leaves of bidara are not liked by jinn so it is effective in driving away the interference of jinn and magic. Bidara or sidr is mentioned 3 times in the surah Al-Quran, namely QS. Saba verse 16, QS. An-Najm verses 14 and QS. Al-Waqiah verse 28, which describes the bidara tree as a unique tree, because it can be found both in the natural world and the afterlife. Besides leaves bidara is one of the herbs that the Prophet Muhammad SAW recommended for use by humans in purifying or bathing. Results and Conclusion : Thus, the Community Potential Empowerment Program (P3M) in PKM is closely related to the LPPM Strategic Plan namely the utilization of research, education and counseling results that are consultative to communities outside Unisba and training in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products using simple technology that can be developed with PKM partners to be used by the wider community.

Keywords
bidara arab leaf, sidr, antibacterial, natural desinfectant, household ruqyah

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6Ea2MGWNkJvw

Corresponding Author
Wida Purbaningsih

Institutions
a) Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
b) Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
c) Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
d) Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
In the development of new drugs as candidates for cancer therapy agents, cytotoxictesting is needed as an initial screening to determine the effect of a natural substance ininhibiting tumor cell growth. One of the active compounds of flavonoid derivatives that are being studied as anticancer is a compound derived from Gynura divaricata extract. The purpose of thisstudy was to determine the cytotoxic activity of flavonoid compounds from Gynura divaricata water extract on carcinoma mammae cell culture (T47D) and make comparisons with standard drugs for cancertherapy. Examination of cytotoxic activity was carried out on T47D cell line culture used MTT method. The absorbance of each well was measured with spectrophotometer at a wave length of 595 nm. The absorbance results was calculated to create a cytotoxic curve used Probhit analysis. Based on the cytotoxic curve, IC50 values of Gynura divaricata extract and doxorubicin were 102,32μg/mL and 10,30μg/mL respectively. Those showed thatGynura divaricata water extract have anti-cancer activity (IC50<200μg/mL)against carcinoma mammae cells culture (T47D) compare to doxorubicin. It was concluded that Gynura divaricata water extract were shown to have anticancer activity on carcinoma mammae cells culture (T47D), but not as strong as doxorubicin .

Keywords
Gynura divaricata, cytotoxic activity, carcinoma mammae

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/M7PemDqkAvxU

Corresponding Author
Agung Firmansyah Sumantri

Institutions
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor is still the main therapy in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) but some cases showed a high degree of resistance to TKI due to autophagy mechanism in resistant stem cells. Chloroquine is a drug that has an anti-autophagy function. The aim of this study was to analyze the synergism of combination therapy of chloroquine and nilotinib in causing cell death in nilotinib-resistant CML and to compare the differences in the percentage of cell death in nilotinib-resistant CML between single nilotinib therapy and combination of nilotinib and chloroquine. The methode used in this study was in-vitro laboratory experimental test using peripheral mononuclear blood cells isolated from 4 nilotinib-resistant CML patients. The data was analyzed using CompuSyn software that identifiesd a combination index and one way ANOVA parametric test followed by post hoc test using tukey test. The result of the study based on combination index showed that combination of nilotinib and chloroquine had a synergistic effect in increasing nilotinib-resistant CML cell death whereas ANOVA showed significant differences between single-drug nilotinib vs combination of nilotinib and chloroquine (p<0,05). Based on the result of study, it can be concluded that the combination of nilotinib and chloroquine is synergistic in causing death to nilotinib-resistant CML cells and also increasing CML cell death compared to a single-drug of nilotinib.

Keywords
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Tyrosin Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) resistant, chloroquine

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fzb9akXgYwUC

Corresponding Author
Lanny Sunarjo

Institutions
Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Abstract
Patients who visited the dental clinic complained of oral mucosa ulcus due to trauma, chemical or infection were around 27%. The topical drug available was relatively expensive. It might have side effects for hypersensitive patients. An alternative drug with same efficacy, safe and affordable price was needed. Some research on mangosteen rind showed therapeutic effect as an anti-inflammatory. Objective was to determine role of mangosteen rind paste toward COX (Cyclooxygenase) 2 expression and macrophage on oral mucosa ulcus healing process. This study was an experimental research with 36 male Wistar rats, 3 treatment groups (oral mucosa ulcus due to trauma, chemical and infection) smeared with mangosteen rind paste and 3 control groups. Each group was decapitated on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day and observed microscopically. Data obtained were carried out by statistical tests. Result showed role of mangosteen peel paste significantly reduced COX2 expression and macrophages (p <0.05). Usage of mangosteen rind paste topically could accelerate healing process and prevent excessive inflammation in oral mucosa ulcus

Keywords
oral mucosa ulcus, mangosteen rind, COX2, macrophage

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/q4A67kGeYnBD

Corresponding Author
Susan Fitriyana

Institutions
(a) Department of Pharmacology FK Unisba
Jalan Tamansari No. 22 Bandung
(b) Department of Public Health FK Unisba
(c) Department of Physiology FK Unisba
(d) Department of Biochemistry FK Unisa

Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a large source of free radicals and contains high levels of chemical and reactive oxygen species. Exposure to cigarette smoke can cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs, which in turn will cause lung toxicity. This study aims to look at the effect of ethanol extracts of white oyster mushrooms in preventing changes in lymphocyte infiltration in rats exposed to cigarette smoke This experimental study used 32 rats divided into 4 groups. Group I (positive control, only given drinking water and standard food), group II (negative control) were given drinking water, standard food, and exposure to cigarette smoke 1 hour / day / group for 6 weeks. Group III (treatment group) were given cigarette smoke exposure 1 hour / day / group and ethanol extract of white oyster mushroom at a dose of 250 mg / KgBB of mice / day. Group IV (comparison group) were given cigarette smoke exposure 1 hour / day / group and were given N-acetyl cysteine at a dose of 600 mg / day. Lymphocyte infiltration can be seen from the histopathological picture of the lungs of rats treated with haematoxilin eosin staining. The results showed lymphocyte infiltration in rats exposed to cigarette smoke, but there was no significant difference in the proportion of lymphocyte infiltration between all groups (P= 0,14), which was assessed using the Fishers exact test. The conclusions from this study show that ethanol extracts of white oyster mushrooms can prevent changes in lymphocyte infiltration in strain male rats exposed to cigarette smoke exposure.

Keywords
White oyster mushroom ethanol extract, hematological profile, exposure to cigarette smoke

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EQHzLTFCxgwJ

Corresponding Author
miranti Kania

Institutions
Medical Faculty of Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The incidence of breast cancer has increased sharply throughout the world. In 2012, 1.7 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, and in the last 5 years there were 6.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer. The successful rate of standard therapies for breast cancer is currently not optimally achieved, the side effects of breast cancer treatment have also not been overcome, and resistance frequently occurs. The aim of this study are to analysis the potential and protein target of sour soup leaf as breast cancer chemotherapy. Method: This research is bioinformatics study uses the in silico method using the pathway analysis method with Pubchem software, Swiss Target prediction, String and Cytoscope. Result: The result show that of many phytochemical present in soursoup leaf , several phytochemical compound are predicted to act apoptotic, inhibit proliferations, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Conclusion: The conclusion is in silico analysis that soursop leaves component have anticancer activity.

Keywords
Soursop leaves, breast cancer, In silico, Target Therapy

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KGgbVtqwmhYa

Corresponding Author
Fatimah Azzakiyah

Institutions
1) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
2) Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Bandung
3) Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
Breast cancer is second leading cause of death for women and in Indonesia can be increase incidence each year. Previous studies has found the used of Curcuma longa as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiviral even antiangiogenic. The role as antioxidant and antiangiogenic give Curcuma longa as one of potential plant for therapy of cancer. This study aim to know potential therapeutic use of this plant originated from West Java for breast cancer and know the cytotoxic range. Curcuma longa prepared as ethanol extraction using reflux methods. In-vitro investigation used MCF7 cell line. We conduct the cytotoxic examination using MTT assay of the extract to the cell line. Another examination is secondary for secondary metabolites. The screening results give positive for flavonoid and tannin as secondary metabolites and the IC50 from MTT assay of MCF7 is 0.256µg/ml (95% CI 0-3.04µmol). The ethanolic extract turmeric rhizome had high anticancer activity with IC50 values of 0.256µg/ml, revealing that Curcuma longa inhibits MCF7 proliferation. This result shows the potential of Curcuma longa for further research as therapeutic agent for breast cancer.

Keywords
Curcuma longa, breast cancer, therapy of cancer

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KUJZuxqABrEG

Corresponding Author
JOHNATHAN MALAGOBADAN

Institutions
1Asia Metropolitan University, 81750 Johor Bahru,
2School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
3School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
4Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
5Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Abstract
Lignosus rhinocerotis Cooke. (L. rhinocerotis) is a mushroom traditionally used in the treatment of asthma and several other diseases by the indigenous communities in Malaysia. To date, there is limited scientific data on its anti-asthmatic effects. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effects of L. rhinocerotis on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and asthma genes expression in an asthma murine model. Materials and methods: L. rhinocerotis extract (LRE) was prepared by a hot water extraction using a soxhlet. Animal studies were performed using two in vivo models; 1) house dust mite (HDM)-induced mice for evaluationof airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and 2) ovalbumin-induced rat for evaluation of airway inflammation. AHR was performed using a whole-body plethysmograph while airway resistance (RI) was measured in response to increasing concentrations of methacholine. Airway inflammation in rats was evaluated by assessing 1) eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by a flow cytometry, 2) mucus producing goblet cell in the lungs tissue by Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and 3) asthma pathway related genes expression in the lungs by a quantitative polymerase chain array. Results: Treatment with LRE significantly inhibited AHR in HDM-induced mice. Histological findings revealed that LRE can ameliorate OVA-induced histological changes in rats by attenuating mucus hypersecretion and goblet cell hyperplasia in the lungs. Flow cytometric analysis of BALF indicated that LRE reduced the number of eosinophils and helper T lymphocytes while elevating the number of regulatory T lymphocytes in the BALF. Subsequent analyses on gene expression revealed regulation of several important genes involved in allergy asthma pathway following treatment with LRE. Conclusion: In this study, LRE alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and regulates asthma genes expression, thus suggesting its therapeutic potential as a new armamentarium against allergic asthma.

Keywords
Airway hyperresponsiveness, allergic asthma, inflammation, gene expression, Lignosus rhinocerotis

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pGercdRP6z7j

Corresponding Author
Maya Tejasari

Institutions
a) Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
Tamansari 22, Bandung, Indonesia, m.tejasari[at]yahoo.com
b) Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
c) Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung
d) Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract
MiRNA16 is known to abnormally expressed in liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Overexpression of miRNA-16 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of various cancer cells including live cancer. Monitoring the progress and success of cancer treatment has been high cost. Another consideration is with biomarkers taken from the blood that is minimally invasive. Detection of miRNA levels has potency for the initial diagnosis of malignancy, prognosis prediction and can monitored the therapeutic response because miRNA is very stable in the blood. It was hypothesized that flavonoid from clove leaf oil will be able to interfering MiRNA-16 expression. This study was used the HepG2 cell line culture and treatment groups were given active compound isolated from clove leaf oil. Measurement of gene expression was done with real-time PCR. In this study, the measurement of miRNA-16 expression in liver cancer cell culture after administration of flavonoid pure compounds from clove leaf oil showed an increase in expression almost 24 times the level of expression of the control group. The study conclude that flavonoid compound from clove leaf oil can interfered miRNA-16 expression on liver cancer cells culture.

Keywords
Clove leaf, flavonoid, hepatocellular carcinoma, microRNA-16

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PJBC6AedM4Z3

Corresponding Author
Indra Topik Maulana

Institutions
Prodi Farmasi FMIPA UNISBA, Jl. Ranggagading No. 08 Bandung
1indra.topik[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Spirulina plantesis, Chlorella vulgaris, and Euchema spinosum were three kinds of algae sample that has been cultivated in Indonesia. That three algae were used both as food ingredients, medicinal ingredients, and cosmetics. Until now there has been no official release related to the applicable standard parameters related to algal material. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the content of active compounds and the standardization of algae involved of loss on drying value, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extractable matter. Phycochemical screening showed that all of the algae sample positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. Standard parameter determination showed that polar compounds contained in all algae were more dominant than semi-polar and non-polar compounds. it could be seen in the value of water-soluble extractable matter which was greater than ethanol-soluble extractable matter. All algae were also rich in inorganic compounds which were indicated by a total ash content of more than 5%. But even so, all algae were indicated safe from dangerous heavy metal content. This can be seen from the value of acid-insoluble ash levels that lower than 1%.

Keywords
Spirulina plantesis, Chlorella vulgaris AND Euchema spinosum, phycochemical screening, ash content, extractable matter

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eVJ8N4EcZkH2

Corresponding Author
Esti Rachmawati Sadiyah

Institutions
(a) Pharmacy Study Program,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Bandung Islamic University (Unisba)
Jln. Ranggagading No 8 Bandung

*esti_sadiyah[at]ymail.com

Abstract
Kertasari Sub-District at Bandung District is one of the areas in West Java which has become the center of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica, L.) cultivation. Kertasari arabica coffee has known for it-s specific characteristics and has international sale value. Polyphenolic substances contained in coffee plant parts is one of largest secondary metabolite group produced by plant. Phenol and polyphenolics have important role in long life health care, reduce the risk of chronic and degenerative diseases. The roles may be related to antioxidant activity, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-microbe. Flavonoids which also contained in coffee plant is a part of phenol polymer and known for their antioxidant activity. Beside of the beans, coffee leaves and pulps are also known to have polyphenols and flavonoids, but no information about which plant part of Kertasari arabica coffee has the highest level. Kertasari arabica coffee leaves, pulps, and beans were extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol. The next step was total polyphenols and flavonoids content measurement from each extract collected. The results showed that the level of total polyphenols content in coffee leaves, peels, and beans consecutively were 181.07; 37.05; and 112.39 mg GAE/g extract. Furthermore, based on the measurement results, the level of total flavonoids in coffee leaves, peels, and beans consecutively were 7.98; 5.43; and 6.85 mg QE/g extract. To be concluded, the leaves part had the highest level of polyphenols and flavonoids content in Kertasari arabica coffee.

Keywords
Arabica coffee, polyphenols, flavonoids, leaves, pulps, beans

Topic
Drug Discoveries and Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tBEQXvrwqNkU